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Student Outcomes:
Student will diagram a pop can containing hot air suddenly losing heat and the resulting change in density of air molecules. The student will describe the changes in density of the water and air in this closed system to explain the Cartesian diver's motion. |
Major Area Of Instruction:
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Suggested Activities:
Demonstration: "Imploding pop cans" 1. Heat pop cans with a small amount of water in them on a hot plate until they steam. 2. Flip the cans over into a cake pan holding cold water, holding them with tongs. 3. They will implode. Demonstration: Burn paper in bottle with a peeled,
hard-boiled egg in the bottle mouth. Egg will be drawn into the bottle. Student Activity: Build a Cartesian diver using a Water-filled, 2-liter plastic bottle, and an eyedropper filled with water to the point where it just floats on the top of the water in the bottle. Screw the top on tightly. 1. Press the sides of the bottle. 2. Release the sides of the bottle. 3. Notice the water level inside
the eyedropper
as you do each several times. Demonstration: Magdeberg Hemispheres |
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Student Outcomes:The student will record barometer and temperature readings at the beginning of class for five periods and go outside to record weather conditions. From these observations, the student will record three relationships they have found between weather conditions, temperature and air pressure supporting each with collected data. Given lists of relative humidities, air temperatures and weather conditions, the student will predict relationships and record them in chart form. |
Major Area Of Instruction:
The atmosphere is an "ocean" of air exerting pressure on the earth's surface and everything on it.
We can measure air pressure with a barometer. Temperature and altitude can affect the density of free
air. |
Suggested Activities:
Lecture: Weather including: 1. High and low pressure air masses 2. Convection currents (equator, poles and winds) 3. Speed vs. shape of air masses 4. Weather fronts Demonstrations: Make a mercury barometer and compare with
an aneroid barometer. Use a topographic map to find your area's height above sea
level. Calculate your psi. Cut out weather maps from the newspaper and note the lines that represent isobars and isotherms. Compare these maps and make weather predictions. Lecture, demonstrations and student activities on relative humidity and (using a sling psychrometer to record relative humidity) temperature and weather conditions several days in a row. |
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Student Outcomes:Student will compare the difficulty of blowing up a
balloon inside and outside a bottle and explain that difference in terms of
air pressure. The student will: 1. Identify where air pressure is being applied to this system. 2. Measure the length of each stream of water. 3. Make a conclusion about whether a gas acts more like a fluid or a solid when pressure is applied. |
Major Area Of Instruction:
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Suggested Activities:
Demonstration or student activities: 1. Blow up different shaped balloons. 2. Perhaps make balloon animal to create interest. Student activity: 1. Have student inflate an easy to blow up balloon. 2. Put the balloon into an empty soft drink bottle stretching the neck of the balloon over the mouth of the bottle. 3. Have student attempt to blow up the balloon again. 4. Put holes in another bottle. Set up as in #3.
Why can one blow up the
balloon now? Demonstration or student activity: 1. Drill three holes into a three-pound coffee can on three sides at different heights. These holes should be fitted with the same size corks. 2. Fill the can with water. 3. Take out one cork at a time. (Notice that the three streams of water are the same length.) |
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Student Outcomes:
Given a series of situations, the student will be able to analyze each situation to determine: 1. If work is being done 2. If potential or kinetic energy is being demonstrated. 3. If potential energy is being converted into kinetic energy. The student will research and present (in an organized manner) one current or past issue of pneumatics. 1. Work it is designed to do. 2. How it is designed to do the work. 3. What it replaced. 4. Advantages and disadvantages. Culminating student activity: Balloon rocket contest (groups of four) 1. Use two students to hold a string the length of the room (taut). 2. Give a variety of balloons, masking tape and a straw (to attach the balloon to the string). 3. Design the fastest balloon rocket. |
Major Area Of Instruction:
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Suggested Activities:
Lecture and demonstration on air pressure and air compression. Use a bicycle pump to blow up an inner tube. 1. Show how pump works. 2. Discuss differences in pressure
as you are
blowing up the tube, when tube is
full and when deflating the
tube. Lecture and demonstration on: 1. Work a) Pushing a stationary wall b) Pushing a moving desk c) Carrying a book across a room 2. Potential and Kinetic Energy a) Fill a balloon with air b) Release balloon 3. The history of using compressed air to do work. Lecture: (Compressed air from a pump ® switch or valve ®
pneumatic cylinder [compressed air expands against a cylinder forcing a
piston to move] ® linear motion). Demonstration on the operation of a blow gun. |
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Student Outcomes:
The student will connect and operate a pneumatic pump, switch and
cylinder. The student will follow instructions to construct a simple pneumatic system. The student will investigate and record the advantages and disadvantages of a given pneumatic device. |
Major Area Of Instruction:
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Suggested Activities:
Disadvantages: 1. The energy required to compress air is expensive. 2. Compressed air must be kept clean and moisture free. 3.Pneumatic devices cause noise and can spray lubricating oil. 4. Pneumatic devices are limited in the force they can produce. |
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Disclaimer and Copyright © 1995 - 2008 The Fluid Power Educational Foundation . All rights reserved. Revised: June 09, 2008 .
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